Scientific Resources

Cottrez et al., Toxics, 2026
SENS-IS detects pre- and pro-haptens and supports potency assessment. Full-thickness skin improves potency characterization for compounds requiring extensive metabolic activation.

Cottrez et al., NAM Journal, 2026
IS-SKIN showed full concordance with EpiSkin for the SENS-IS classification of ten complex cosmetic ingredients tested under blinded conditions.

Abou Choucha et al., Archives of Toxicology, 2026
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cell type-specific toxicological responses in human 3D bronchial epithelium exposed to cadmium.

Hoffmann et al., Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2022
An expanded Cosmetics Europe database compares six NAMs, including SENS-IS, against human and animal reference data, highlighting how chemical diversity affects predictive performance.

Puginier et al., Cosmetics, 2022
A sequential strategy starting with SENS-IS assesses botanical extracts and, combined with phytochemical analysis, helps identify sensitizing constituents and guide ingredient refinement.

Na et al., Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2022
A RIFM-led evaluation of 174 materials found that 85% of SENS-IS potency predictions matched the weight-of-evidence category or differed by only one category.

Kolle et al., Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2023
A BASF-led evaluation reported balanced accuracies of 88% for 11 plant extracts and 68% for 14 polymeric materials against in vivo reference data, highlighting substance-specific applicability and limitations.

Cottrez et al., Toxicology in Vitro, 2021
Developed with L’Oréal, EyeIRR-IS combines reconstructed human corneal epithelium with a ten-gene signature, achieving 95% overall accuracy for distinguishing liquids requiring ocular hazard classification from non-classified liquids.

Pellevoisin et al., Toxicology in Vitro, 2021
Pre-validation supported SENS-IS testing of polar and non-polar medical device extracts and demonstrated transferability to an independent laboratory, while highlighting the importance of extraction and exposure conditions.

Bergal et al., Toxicology in Vitro, 2020
A sequential strategy starting with SENS-IS, followed by h-CLAT and KeratinoSens when needed, achieved 88% accuracy against in vivo data across 25 challenging cosmetic ingredients.

Cottrez et al., Toxicology in Vitro, 2020
SENS-IS detects vehicle effects, irritant-driven enhancement and interactions between sensitizers, supporting skin sensitization assessment of mixtures and finished cosmetic products.

Mehling et al., Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2019
A comparative study of four reconstructed epidermis assays, including SENS-IS, explored 12 challenging substances, highlighting the potential and limitations of 3D models beyond conventional aqueous test systems.

Helou et al., The Journal of Immunology, 2019
Mechanistic studies in mice and cultured macrophages showed how Nrf2 limits neutrophil accumulation through antioxidant responses, reduced chemokine production and enhanced clearance of damaged neutrophils.

Clouet et al., Archives of Toxicology, 2019
A THP-1-based toolbox combines oxidative stress, SENS-IS-derived gene-expression markers, dendritic-cell activation endpoints and T-cell co-culture to investigate key events in skin sensitization.

Petry et al., Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2018
SENS-IS successfully tested six functional polysiloxanes and silanes without solubility-related limitations, with hazard predictions consistent with the study’s reference assessments, including weight-of-evidence conclusions where animal tests disagreed.

Hoffmann et al., Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2018
A curated database of 128 substances integrates five non-animal methods, including SENS-IS, with human and LLNA reference data to support comparative evaluation and development of testing strategies.

Cottrez et al., Toxicology in Vitro, 2016
A three-laboratory ring study demonstrated SENS-IS transferability and reproducibility on 19 blind-coded chemicals, complemented by a 150-chemical evaluation of hazard and potency prediction.

Cottrez et al., Toxicology in Vitro, 2015
The foundational SENS-IS study established complementary ARE and sensitization-related gene-expression panels in reconstructed human epidermis, enabling identification of sensitizers with diverse response profiles.

Reisinger et al., Toxicology in Vitro, 2015
Cosmetics Europe evaluated 16 non-animal methods, including SENS-IS, using a common ten-substance dataset and criteria covering standardization, performance and transferability to prioritize further development.